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5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

S. Z. DE FERRANTI.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 423,991. Patented Mar. 25, 1890.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

S. Z. DE 'FERRANTI.

DYNAMO BLEOTRIG MACHINE. No. 423,991. Patented Mar. .25, 1890.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet a.

. S. Z. DE PERRANTI.

.DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 423,991. Patented Mar. 25. 1890.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. s. 2. DE FERRANTI. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 423,991. Patented Mar. 25, 1890.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 S. Z. DE FERRANTI. DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE.

No. 423,991. Patented Mar. 25, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, OF HAMPSTEAD, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 423,991, dated March 25, 1890.

Application filed September 16, 1889- Serial No. 323,991. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, electrician, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 120 Fellowes Road, Hampstead, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electrical Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to construct dynamo-electrical machines in such manner that the revolving armature and fixed field magnets can be quickly got at for cleaning or repairs. In alternatecurrent machines, in which the armature revolves between two circles of fixed magnets placed one on either sideof it, I make the bearings for the armature-axle quite independent of the frames which carry the two circles of fixed field-magnets, and I make each of these frames capable of being shifted away from the armature in a direction parallel with the armature-axle, the bed on which the frames are supported being formed with extensions for the frames to be supported on when they are so drawn back away from the armature. In machines of large dimensions I form the frames to rest at their two opposite sides on the surface of beds which are approximately on a level with the armature-axle and are parallel with it, the lower half of each frame being then received in a pit between the two beds. To shift the frames toward or away from one another, any suitable mechanism may be employed. In continuous-current machines, wherein an armature revolves between a pair of magnetpoles, I similarly form the bed of the machine in such a manner that each of the pole-pieces can be slid back along the bed away from the armature. When the pole-pieces are uppermost away from the bed, the bed itself forms an iron connection between the rear extremities of the two pole-pieces. \Vhen the magnets are inverted and the pole-pieces are toward the bed, I make the two pole-pieces to rest in shoes of bronze or like non-magnetic metal, which are capable of being slid to and fro upon the bed, and the rear extremities of the two pole-pieces I make to butt together when in working position, and so complete the magnetic circuit above the coils.

In order that my said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.

Figure 1 is a plan showing the general arrangement of a set of alternate-current dynamos to which my present invention is applied. The scale of this figure is about one-eighth of an inch to a foot, so that these dynamos are preferably of very large dimensions. Fig. 2 is a half-elevation, partlyin section, of one of these dynamos. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 4 is ahalf front elevation, partly in section, of the two ringframes which carry the field-magnets. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the two ring-frames. Fig. 6 is an end elevation of a continuouscurrent dynamo to which my invention is applied. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 8 is an end elevation of a continuouscurrent dynamo of another form to which also my invention is applied. Fig. 91s a plan of the last-mentioned dynamo with the fieldmagnet removed.

In Figs. 1 to 5, a is the axis of the armature It is carried in bearings a a, and it has cranks a at its ends. Each crank is driven by a steam-engine, the cylinders a of which are vertically over the crank. 12 b are the ringframes in which the field-magnets are carried. They are cast in sections and bolted together internally, as the drawings show. 0 c are the bed-frames of the engines, and (Z d are the beds on which the ring-frames I) stand. The beds (1 d are firmly bolted to the bed-frames c c, which they serve to connect, and together they form the main bed-frame of the structure. 1) b b are the soft-iron cores of the field magnets. The ring-frames b b are cast upon them. The frames 1) b when in their working positions abut face to face, and a narrow space is left between the ends of the cores 1) b in the two rings. This space is just sufficient for the passage of the conductor a". Carried by the armature and in this conductor alternating currents are generated as it is carried round between the magnetized cores 1). The ring-frames b have lugs 19 on their under sides, in which are nuts engaged with screwthreads on axes e 6. Each axis 6 is held in a bearing on the bed (1, and it has upon it a too right and a left screw-thread, and these are engaged with the nuts on the two frames 1), formingapair; hence when the axis is turned the screws serve to separate or to draw together the two frames, the frames sliding upon smooth faces upon theirbeds d d. Each axis e also carries a worm-wheel e, and with this a worm f on a shaft f engages. The shaft f is driven through gear-wheels by a small s1 cam-engine. There are two worms f upon the shaft f. These worms turn the two rightand-left screws e, which act simultaneously to move the pair of ring-frames b. Adjusting-screws should be provided to set the nuts in the lugs b exactly, so that the right-andleft screws may place the ring-frames correctly, and then the attraction of the magnetcores holds them very firmly. There are no bolts either to connect the ring-frames or to secure them to the bed-frame; hence when an examination is to be made there are no parts to be removed. So by carrying the fieldmagnets in frames separate from the frames which carry the engines and the armatureaxis, and by arranging these magnet-frames to stand 'upon beds firmly fixed to or forming part of the main frames, and to be movable by sliding upon these beds, I am able to obtain ready access to the electrically-operative parts.

In Figs. 6 and 7, g is the bed of the machine, and electrically it also forms part of the field-magnet, of which 72 h are the pole-pieces, and 72 h the windings. 2' is the armature, and t" its axis. is the commutator. The axis 1," is carried by the standards g g, rising from the bed. The pole-pieces h are provided with feet 71*, which stand upon surfaces on the bed g, and clamping-nuts are provided to hold them. If the machine be asmall one, no gear is necessary to move the pole-pieces; but when it is of considerable dimensions it is convenient to provide screw-gear, as shown, and which is similar to that already described, except that the axes e, on which are the rightand-left screws, are turned directly bya lever applied at the end.

In Figs. 8 and 9, g is the bed,and 9 standards carrying the axis of the armature 2'. 7c is the commutator. 7L h are the pole-pieces, h the windings, and 7L h parts of the fieldmagnets, which, when in their working positions, abut together and establish complete magnetic connection between the two polepieces. ZZare feet of bronze or other nonmagnetic metal separating the pole-pieces from the base, so that the magnetic lines of,

force are compelled to traverse the armature. e is a right-and-left-hand screw operating, as already described, to separate the pole-pieces and to draw them together. WVhen the fieldmagnets have been retracted to permit access to the armature on their return, they may always be brought up to the exact and proper working position, which is determined by the abutting faces of the field frames or cores. The abutting surfaces also serve to hold and brace the magnets against the strain exerted by their attraction. Thus in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 5 the frames 1) project toward each other beyond the faces of the field-poles and abut at their peripheries when the frames are screwed back into position, and the proper distance between the armature and the field-poles is therefore preserved without any necessity for an accurate adjustment. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the parts If similarly abut and determine the proper relation of the fieldpoles to the armature, and in Figs. 6 and 7 the movement of the bases of the field-magnets upon the bed-plate is similarly limited for the same purpose.

WVhat I claim is 1. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, substantially as described, of a bedplate, an armature mounted in fixed bearings, field magnets movably mounted upon the bed-plate, so as to be slid thereupon toward and from the armature to permit access thereto, and abutting parts or surfaces movable with the field-magnets, and which abut when the field-magnets are returned to the normal working position, and thereby determine without adjustment the relation of the fieldmagnets and armature.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, substantially as described,of abedplate, an armature mounted in fixed bearings, and frames carrying the field-magnets and movably'mounted upon the bed-plate, so as to be bodily moved away from the armature and back toward the armature into working position, said field-magnet frames projecting toward each other beyond the ends of the field-magnet poles and abutting when the field-magnet frames are in the normal position.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, substantially as described, of the bed-plate, an armature mounted thereon in fixed bearings, the field-magnets movably mounted upon the bed-plate, so as to be slid toward and from the armature, for the purpose described, and a non-magnetic material interposed between the bed-plate and the field-magnets, for the purpose set forth.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FER-RANT].

Witnesses:

WALTER J. SKERTEN, Gno. J. B. FRANKLIN,

Both of 17 Gracechurch Street, London, E. G.

ICC 

